NOAA-21 will then become the primary satellite, NOAA-20 will become the backup satellite, and Suomi-NPP will become the tertiary satellite in the JPSS constellation, as shown in this animation. Once NOAA-21 is fully commissioned and science products are provisional, notionally a year after launch, NOAA-20 will transition a quarter orbit ahead of S-NPP. Once it reached its polar orbit JPSS-2 was renamed NOAA-21. The third satellite in the series, NOAA-21 (formerly JPSS-2), launched November, 10, 2022. The operational JPSS constellation currently consists of the NASA-NOAA Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite, the technology pathfinder mission for JPSS launched in 2011, and NOAA-20, previously called JPSS-1 and launched in 2017. Polar satellites are considered the backbone of the global observing system. JPSS satellites circle the Earth from pole-to-pole and cross the equator 14 times daily in the afternoon orbit-providing full global coverage twice a day. The Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) is the nation’s advanced series of polar-orbiting environmental satellites.
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